期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672158
关键词
bladder cancer; tumor microenvironment; immune checkpoint; immunotherapy; tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81874137]
- science and technology innovation Program of Hunan Province [2020RC4011]
- Outstanding Youth Foundation of Hunan Province [2018JJ1047]
- Hunan Province Science and Technology Talent Promotion Project [2019TJ-Q10]
- Young Scholars of Furong Scholar Program in Hunan Province
- Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third xiangya hosipital of Central South University [BJ202001]
This study comprehensively evaluated the TME invasion pattern of bladder cancer, defined three different TME phenotypes, and found that different subtypes were associated with the clinical prognosis and pathological characteristics of bladder cancer.
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and recent evidence has clarified its clinical significance in predicting outcomes and efficacy. However, there are no studies on the systematic analysis of TME characteristics in bladder cancer. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the TME invasion pattern of bladder cancer in 1,889 patients, defined three different TME phenotypes, and found that different subtypes were associated with the clinical prognosis and pathological characteristics of bladder cancer. We further explored the signaling pathways, cancer-immunity cycle, copy number, and somatic mutation differences among the different subtypes and used the principal component analysis algorithm to calculate the immune cell (IC) score, a tool for comprehensive evaluation of TME. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that ICscore is a reliable and independent prognostic biomarker. In addition, the use of anti-programmed death-ligand (PD-L1) treatment cohort, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE), Subnetwork Mappings in Alignment of Pathways (SubMAP), and other algorithms confirmed that ICscore is a reliable prognostic biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor response. Patients with higher ICscore showed a significant therapeutic advantage in immunotherapy. In conclusion, this study improves our understanding of the characteristics of TME infiltration in bladder cancer and provides guidance for more effective personalized immunotherapy strategies.
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