4.8 Review

Emerging Therapeutic Strategies to Restore Regulatory T Cell Control of Islet Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes

期刊

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635767

关键词

type 1 diabetes (T1D); immunotherapy; autoimmune disease (AD); T cells; Tregs (regulatory T cells); nanotechnology; nanomaterials; antigen-specific therapies; cell-based therapeutics

资金

  1. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [1R01 DK-102911]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Despite decades of research, translating autoimmune mechanisms underlying Type 1 Diabetes into effective therapeutics remains challenging. Restoring Treg functions to target specific autoantigens or localize in the pancreas is a sought-after strategy for treating the disease. Developing precise Treg therapies beyond broad activation is promising, with a focus on ex vivo generation and in situ stimulation of optimized Tregs.
Despite many decades of investigation uncovering the autoimmune mechanisms underlying Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), translating these findings into effective therapeutics has proven extremely challenging. T1D is caused by autoreactive T cells that become inappropriately activated and kill the beta cells in the pancreas, resulting in insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia. A large body of evidence supports the idea that the unchecked activation and expansion of autoreactive T cells in T1D is due to defects in immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) that are critical for maintaining peripheral tolerance to islet autoantigens. Hence, repairing these Treg deficiencies is a much sought-after strategy to treat the disease. To accomplish this goal in the most precise, effective and safest way possible, restored Treg functions will need to be targeted towards suppressing the autoantigen-specific immune responses only and/or be localized in the pancreas. Here we review the most recent developments in designing Treg therapies that go beyond broad activation or expansion of non-specific polyclonal Treg populations. We focus on two cutting-edge strategies namely ex vivo generation of optimized Tregs for re-introduction in T1D patients vs direct in situ stimulation and restoration of endogenous Treg function.

作者

我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。

评论

主要评分

4.8
评分不足

次要评分

新颖性
-
重要性
-
科学严谨性
-
评价这篇论文

推荐

暂无数据
暂无数据