Copper Phosphide Nanoparticles Used for Combined Photothermal and Photodynamic Tumor Therapy

Copper-based nanomaterials are widely used in nearinfrared (NIR) light-mediated deep tumor treatment because of their abundant photothermal and photodynamic properties. However, copper phosphide (Cu3P) nanoparticles (NPs) are rarely investigated. Herein, Cu3P NPs were prepared to strengthen their local surface plasmon resonance absorption in the NIR region, exhibiting promising photothermal and photodynamic properties. After surface modification by polyethylene glycol, the formed pCu(3)P NPs showed negligible influence on the viability of 4T1 cells, presenting remarkable biocompatibility. However, with 808 nm irradiation, pCu(3)P NPs could induce HSP70 and HO-1 protein expression and enhance intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, leading to dramatic cell death. In 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, an intravenous injection of biocompatible pCu(3)P NP could lead to remarkable aggregation in the tumor region and significantly inhibit tumor growth under 808 nm laser irradiation, presenting great potential for tumor therapy.

Automated summary

Copper phosphide nanoparticles exhibit promising photothermal and photodynamic properties for deep tumor treatment under near-infrared light, with enhanced biocompatibility after surface modification. However, when irradiated with 808nm light, they can induce cell death through protein expression and increased reactive oxygen species levels.