4.3 Article

Wind power costs driven by innovation and experience with further reductions on the horizon

出版社

WILEY PERIODICALS, INC
DOI: 10.1002/wene.398

关键词

cost drivers; cost projections; costs; levelized cost of energy; value drivers; wind; wind value

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  1. US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]

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The cost of wind power has decreased significantly over the past 20 years, making it more competitive with conventional sources. Forecasts suggest further cost reductions for onshore and offshore wind, with midrange estimates predicting levelized cost of energy to be between $20-30/MWh for onshore and $40-60/MWh for offshore by 2050, approximately half of today's levels. Optimistic forecasts even anticipate reaching these levels as early as 2030.
The costs of wind power have declined to levels on par with or below those of conventional sources in many parts of the world. Wind power has become one of the fastest-growing sources of new electricity generation. We take stock of wind power cost evolution over the past 20 years, review methodologies commonly used for cost assessment, discuss the potential for continued cost reduction, and identify anticipated cost and value drivers. Our scope includes both onshore and offshore wind technologies. We draw from a vast body of literature on these topics to highlight key trends, approaches, and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for wind power assets to enhance their marginal economic value to the broader power system and consumers. We identify a myriad of factors that are expected to influence the future cost and value of wind power, including siting, project scale, turbine size, operational synergies, commodity prices, advancements in turbine technologies, enhanced management of the wind resource, and novel control technologies that provide value for the electricity grid. Because the common methods for forecasting future costs each have their own strengths and weaknesses, we find the best insights are elicited from a combination of methods. Overall, researchers and analysts anticipate further sizable cost reductions for onshore and offshore wind. Midrange forecasts for levelized cost of energy in 2050 are generally between $20 and $30/MWh for onshore wind and $40 and $60/MWh for offshore wind, a reduction to approximately half of today's levels. Optimistic forecasts anticipate these levels as early as 2030. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Economics and Policy

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