期刊
MICROBIOLOGYOPEN
卷 10, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1194
关键词
16S rRNA gene; bifidobacteria; BMI; Collinsella; microbiome; obesity; weight loss
类别
资金
- European Regional Development Fund [2014--2020.4.02.16--0058]
- Estonian Ministry of Education and Research [IUT 1927]
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a low-calorie weight loss diet on the microbiota community and health characteristics. The results showed that the assigned diet significantly altered the composition of fecal microbiota, with a decrease in bacteria associated with inflammation paralleling the decrease in BMI.
Obesity has become a major public health problem in recent decades. More effective interventions may result from a better understanding of microbiota alterations caused by weight loss and diet. Our objectives were (a) to calculate the fiber composition of a specially designed low-calorie weight loss diet (WLD), and (b) to evaluate changes in the composition of gut microbiota and improvements in health characteristics during WLD. A total of 19 overweight/obese participants were assigned to 20%-40% reduced calories low-carbohydrate high-fat diet for four weeks. Protein and fat content in the composed diet was 1.5 times higher compared to that in the average diet of the normal weight reference group, while carbohydrate content was 2 times lower. Food consumption data were obtained from the assigned meals. Microbial composition was analyzed before and after WLD intervention from two sequential samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. During WLD, body mass index (BMI) was reduced on average 2.5 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2) and stool frequency was normalized. The assigned diet induced significant changes in fecal microbiota. The abundance of bile-resistant bacteria (Alistipes, Odoribacter splanchnicus), Ruminococcus bicirculans, Butyricimonas, and Enterobacteriaceae increased. Importantly, abundance of bacteria often associated with inflammation such as Collinsella and Dorea decreased in parallel with a decrease in BMI. Also, we observed a reduction in bifidobacteria, which can be attributed to the relatively low consumption of grains. In conclusion, weight loss results in significant alteration of the microbial community structure.
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