期刊
GENES
卷 12, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes12030416
关键词
blood cancers; extracellular vesicles; disease biomarker; bone marrow microenvironment; angiogenesis; hypercoagulability; immune evasion; drug resistance
资金
- Ail Bologna ODV
Blood cancers, including leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma, can originate from clonal evolution of stem cells or transformation of immune progenitors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in cancer by delivering molecules to influence target cells. The 'vesicular intelligence' strategy used by blood cancers through EVs promotes malignant clone development and maintenance.
Blood cancers are a heterogeneous group of disorders including leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. They may derive from the clonal evolution of the hemopoietic stem cell compartment or from the transformation of progenitors with immune potential. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanovesicles which are released by cells into body fluids with a role in intercellular communication in physiology and pathology, including cancer. EV cargos are enriched in nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, and these molecules can be delivered to target cells to influence their biological properties and modify surrounding or distant targets. In this review, we will describe the smart strategy on how blood cancer-derived EVs modulate tumor cell development and maintenance. Moreover, we will also depict the function of microenvironment-derived EVs in blood cancers and discuss how the interplay between tumor and microenvironment affects blood cancer cell growth and spreading, immune response, angiogenesis, thrombogenicity, and drug resistance. The potential of EVs as non-invasive biomarkers will be also discussed. Lastly, we discuss the clinical application viewpoint of EVs in blood cancers. Overall, blood cancers apply a 'vesicular intelligence' strategy to spread signals over their microenvironment, promoting the development and/or maintenance of the malignant clone.
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