Considering Condensable Particulate Matter Emissions Improves the Accuracy of Air Quality Modeling for Environmental Impact Assessment

This study examines environmental impact assessment considering filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) to improve the accuracy of the air quality model. Air pollutants and meteorological data were acquired from Korea's national monitoring station near a residential development area in the target district and background site. Seasonal emissions of PM2.5, including CPM, were estimated using the California puff (CALPUFF) model, based on Korea's national emissions inventory. These results were compared with the traditional environmental impact assessment results. For the residential development area, the seasonal PM2.5 concentration was predicted by considering FPM and CPM emissions in the target area as well as the surrounding areas. In winter and spring, air quality standards were not breached because only FPM was considered. However, when CPM was included in the analysis, the results exceeded the air quality standards. Furthermore, it was predicted that air quality standards would not be breached in summer and autumn, even when CPM is included. In other words, conducting an environmental impact assessment on air pollution including CPM affects the final environmental decision. Therefore, it is concluded that PM2.5 should include CPM for greater accuracy of the CALPUFF model for environmental impact assessment.

Automated summary

This study examines the environmental impact assessment by considering both FPM and CPM emissions to improve the accuracy of the air quality model. The results showed that including CPM in the analysis can lead to exceeding air quality standards in certain seasons, suggesting that PM2.5 models should include CPM for better evaluation accuracy.