期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
卷 27, 期 3, 页码 314-325出版社
KOREAN SOC NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY & MOTILITY
DOI: 10.5056/jnm20208
关键词
Gastrointestinal diseases; Gender; Gut; Microbiota; Sex hormones
资金
- Support Program for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology through the Center for Women In Science, Engineering and Technology (WISET) - Ministry of Science and ICT [WISET202003GI01]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - government of the Republic of Korea [2019R1A2C2085149]
- Korea Foundation for Women In Science, Engineering & Technology (WISET) [WISET202003GI01, WISET202103GI01] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2019R1A2C2085149] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
The distribution of gut microbiota varies by age and sex, impacting gastrointestinal diseases and being linked to sex hormone metabolism. The concept of "microgenderome" has been proposed, indicating the role of sex hormones on gut microbiota. Further research is needed to universally accept this concept.
The distribution of gut microbiota varies according to age (childhood, puberty, pregnancy, menopause, and old age) and sex. Gut microbiota are known to contribute to gastrointestinal (GI) diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer; however, the exact etiology remains elusive. Recently, sex and gender differences in GI diseases and their relation to gut microbiota has been suggested. Furthermore, the metabolism of estrogen and androgen was reported to be related to the gut microbiome. As gut microbiome is involved in the excretion and circulation process of sex hormones, the concept of microgenderome indicating the role of sex hormone on the gut microbiota has been suggested. However, further research is needed for this concept to be universally accepted. In this review, we summarize sex- and gender-differences in gut microbiota and the interplay of microbiota and GI diseases, focusing on sex hormones. We also describe the metabolic role of the microbiota in this regard. Finally, current subjects, such as medication including probiotics, are briefly discussed.
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