Notes on two-dimensional pure supersymmetric gauge theories

In this note we study IR limits of pure two-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories with semisimple non-simply-connected gauge groups including SU(k)/Z(k), SO(2k)/Z(2), Sp(2k)/Z(2), E-6/Z(3), and E-7/Z(2) for various discrete theta angles, both directly in the gauge theory and also in nonabelian mirrors, extending a classification begun in previous work. We find in each case that there are supersymmetric vacua for precisely one value of the discrete theta angle, and no supersymmetric vacua for other values, hence supersymmetry is broken in the IR for most discrete theta angles. Furthermore, for the one distinguished value of the discrete theta angle for which supersymmetry is unbroken, the theory has as many twisted chiral multiplet degrees of freedom in the IR as the rank. We take this opportunity to further develop the technology of nonabelian mirrors to discuss how the mirror to a G gauge theory differs from the mirror to a G/K gauge theory for K a subgroup of the center of G. In particular, the discrete theta angles in these cases are considerably more intricate than those of the pure gauge theories studied in previous papers, so we discuss the realization of these more complex discrete theta angles in the mirror construction. We find that discrete theta angles, both in the original gauge theory and their mirrors, are intimately related to the description of centers of universal covering groups as quotients of weight lattices by root sublattices. We perform numerous consistency checks, comparing results against basic group-theoretic relations as well as with decomposition, which describes how two-dimensional theories with one-form symmetries (such as pure gauge theories with nontrivial centers) decompose into disjoint unions, in this case of pure gauge theories with quotiented gauge groups and discrete theta angles.

Automated summary

The study investigates the IR limits of pure two-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories with semisimple non-simply-connected gauge groups for various discrete theta angles. It was found that supersymmetry is broken in the IR for most discrete theta angles, except for one distinguished value where it remains unbroken with as many twisted chiral multiplet degrees of freedom in the IR as the rank. The technology of nonabelian mirrors was further developed to discuss the differences between mirrors of G gauge theory and G/K gauge theory.