期刊
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.664299
关键词
adaptation; spacer acquisition; repeat; array; CRISPR; spacer deletion
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health [R35GM118140]
CRISPR-Cas is a unique prokaryotic immune system that provides sequence-specific adaptive protection and can be updated in response to new threats. This system stores DNA fragments from invading genetic elements and continuously updates them, while regulating spacer uptake, residency, and loss for optimized immunity.
CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated genes) is a type of prokaryotic immune system that is unique in its ability to provide sequence-specific adaptive protection, which can be updated in response to new threats. CRISPR-Cas does this by storing fragments of DNA from invading genetic elements in an array interspersed with short repeats. The CRISPR array can be continuously updated through integration of new DNA fragments (termed spacers) at one end, but over time existing spacers become obsolete. To optimize immunity, spacer uptake, residency, and loss must be regulated. This mini-review summarizes what is known about how spacers are organized, maintained, and lost from CRISPR arrays.
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