Evaluating the Impacts of Rice-Based Protection Dykes on Floodwater Dynamics in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Using Geographical Impact Factor (GIF)

This study aims at evaluating the geographical influences of rice-based protection dykes on floodwater regimes along the main rivers, namely the Mekong and the Bassac, in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). Specifically, numerous low dykes and high dykes have been constructed particularly in the upper delta's floodplains to protect the double and triple rice cropping against the annual flooding. For the whole deltaic domain, a 1D-quasi-2D hydrodynamic model setup was used to simulate seventy-two (72) scenarios of dyke construction development in the context of low, medium, and high floods that occurred in the VMD to examine the effects of different flood magnitudes on a certain dyke construction area. Based on the model simulation results, we established an evaluation indicator, the so-called Geographical Impact Factor (GIF), to evaluate the impacts of zone-based dyke compartments on the floodwater regimes along the main rivers for different kinds of floods. Our findings revealed different rates of influences on the floodwater levels along the Mekong and Bassac Rivers under different scenarios of zone-based high-dyke developments. GIF is a useful index for scientists and decision-makers in land use planning, especially in rice intensification, in conjunction with flood management for the VMD and for similar deltas worldwide.

Automated summary

This study evaluates the geographical influences of rice-based protection dykes on floodwater regimes along the main rivers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. By simulating the effects of dyke construction development on floodwater levels under different flood scenarios, a Geographical Impact Factor (GIF) indicator is established to evaluate the impacts of dyke compartments on the floodwater regimes along the main rivers for different floods. The study findings provide useful insights for land use planning, especially in rice intensification and flood management, in the VMD and similar deltas worldwide.