Characterization of Highly Filled Glass Fiber/Carbon Fiber Polyurethane Composites with the Addition of Bio-Polyol Obtained through Biomass Liquefaction

This work aims to investigate the process of obtaining highly filled glass and carbon fiber composites. Composites were manufactured using previously obtained cellulose derived polyol, polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI). As a catalyst, dibutyltin dilaurate 95% and Dabco(R) 33-LV were used. It was found that the addition of carbon and glass fibers into the polymer matrix causes an increase in the mechanical properties such as impact and flexural strength, Young's modulus, and hardness of the material. Moreover, the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed a significant increase in the material's storage modulus and rigidity in a wide range of temperatures. The increase in glass transition of soft segments can be noticed due to the limitation of macromolecules mobility in the material. The thermogravimetric analysis showed a four step decomposition, with maximal degradation rate at TmaxII = 320-330 degrees C and TmaxIII = 395-405 degrees C, as well as a significant improvement of thermal stability. Analysis of the material structure using a scanning electron microscope showed the presence of material defects such as voids, fiber pull-outs, and agglomerates of both fibers.

Automated summary

This study investigates the process of obtaining highly filled glass and carbon fiber composites. The addition of carbon and glass fibers into the polymer matrix leads to an increase in mechanical properties, enhanced thermal stability, and improved rigidity of the material. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows a significant increase in the material's storage modulus and rigidity across a wide range of temperatures.