期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING AND COMPUTING
卷 36, 期 3, 页码 725-733出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s10877-021-00700-5
关键词
Volatile anesthetic monitoring; Inhalational anesthetics; Sensor fusion; Flow sensor
资金
- NASA General Research Fellowship [80NSSC20M0103]
- NSF i-Corps Research Grant
- University of Utah, Department of Anesthesiology
Fusion of flow sensors can be used for monitoring volatile anesthetic concentrations as a low-cost, low-maintenance alternative to infrared spectroscopy. Ultrasonic and orifice-plate flowmeters yielded the most viable sensor pair combinations for all three volatile anesthetic gases in the study. Further testing is needed to ensure sensor fusion performance under conditions reflective of clinical use.
Flow sensors are often sensitive to the presence of volatile anesthetics. However, this sensitivity provides a unique opportunity to combine flow sensors of differing technological principles as an alternative to measuring volatile anesthetic gas concentration, particularly for austere settings. To determine the feasibility of flow sensor fusion for volatile anesthetic concentrations monitoring, eight flow sensors were tested with isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane, ranging in concentrations from 0-4.5%, 0-3.5%, and 0-18%, respectively. Pairs of flow sensors were fit to the volatile anesthetic gas concentration with a leave-one-out cross-validation method to reduce the likelihood of overfitting. Bland-Altman was used for the final evaluation of sensor pair performance. Several sensor pairs yielded limits of agreement comparable to the rated accuracy of a commercial infrared spectrometer. The ultrasonic and orifice-plate flowmeters yielded the most combinations of viable sensor pairs for all three volatile anesthetic gases. Conclusion: Measuring volatile anesthetic gases using flow sensor fusion is a feasible low-cost, low-maintenance alternative to infrared spectroscopy. In this study, testing was done under steady-state conditions in 100% oxygen. Further testing is necessary to ensure sensor fusion performance under conditions that are more reflective of the clinical use case.
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