期刊
ALPINE BOTANY
卷 131, 期 1, 页码 73-88出版社
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00035-021-00252-z
关键词
Alps; Climate change; Growing season; High elevation; Photoperiod; Snow cover; Survival analysis
资金
- Universitat Basel (Universitatsbibliothek Basel)
- Mercator foundation through Zurich Basel Plant Science Center (PSC, Bridging Plant Science and Society)
- University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences
- association of the Alpine Research and Education Station Furka (ALPFOR)
- Stiftung Mercator Schweiz [2009-0549]
The study found that flowering phenology of alpine plants is mainly influenced by snowmelt dates and photoperiod under climate change. The plants in alpine grasslands can be divided into two types, one primarily tracking snowmelt dates, and the other mainly controlled by photoperiod. Photoperiod affects flowering time by modulating temperature sums at flowering.
Alpine plants complete their seasonal phenological cycle during two to three snow-free months. Under climate change, snowmelt advances and the risk of summer droughts increases. Yet, photoperiodism may prevent alpine plants from benefiting from an earlier start of the growing season. To identify the drivers of flowering phenology in the seven main species of an alpine grassland, we experimentally shifted the snowmelt date through snow manipulations, and excluded precipitation during summer. With time-to-event models, we analysed the beginning of main flowering with respect to temperature sums, time after snowmelt, and calendar day (photoperiod). We identified two phenology types: four species tracking snowmelt dates directly or with a certain lag set by temperature sums, including the dominant sedge Carex curvula, Anthoxanthum alpinum Helictotrichon versicolor, and Trifolium alpinum, and three species tracking photoperiod: Geum montanum, Leontodon helveticus and Potentilla aurea. Photoperiodism did not act as daylength threshold but rather modulated the thermal sums at flowering. Hence, photoperiod delayed flowering after earlier snowmelt. The grass A. alpinum was the only one of seven species that clearly responded to drought by earlier and longer flowering. The remarkably high importance of snowmelt dates for both phenology types suggests an earlier onset of flowering in a warmer climate, particularly for non-photoperiod-sensitive species, with an increasing risk for freezing damages and potential disruptions of biotic interactions in the most frequent type of alpine grassland across the Alps. Consequentially, the distinct microclimate and species-specific responses to photoperiod challenge temperature-only based projections of climate warming effects on alpine plant species.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据