4.6 Article

Extracellular ATP-Induced Alterations in Extracellular H+ Fluxes From Cultured Cortical and Hippocampal Astrocytes

期刊

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
卷 15, 期 -, 页码 -

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FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.640217

关键词

astrocyte; pH; H+; ATP; glia; calcium

资金

  1. National Science Foundation (NSF) [1557820, 1557725]
  2. NIH/NIAAA [R01AA022948]
  3. UICenter for Drug Development
  4. University of Illinois at Chicago
  5. Indiana Wesleyan University Hodson Research Institute award
  6. Indiana Wesleyan University Scholar award
  7. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
  8. Direct For Biological Sciences [1557725] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  9. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
  10. Direct For Biological Sciences [1557820] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study showed that ATP can induce increases in extracellular H+ flux by activating astrocytes, independently of bicarbonate transport. Furthermore, ATP directly activates ATP receptors to induce rises in calcium and H+, with little involvement of Na+/H+ exchangers.
Small alterations in the level of extracellular H+ can profoundly alter neuronal activity throughout the nervous system. In this study, self-referencing H+-selective microelectrodes were used to examine extracellular H+ fluxes from individual astrocytes. Activation of astrocytes cultured from mouse hippocampus and rat cortex with extracellular ATP produced a pronounced increase in extracellular H+ flux. The ATP-elicited increase in H+ flux appeared to be independent of bicarbonate transport, as ATP increased H+ flux regardless of whether the primary extracellular pH buffer was 26 mM bicarbonate or 1 mM HEPES, and persisted when atmospheric levels of CO2 were replaced by oxygen. Adenosine failed to elicit any change in extracellular H+ fluxes, and ATP-mediated increases in H+ flux were inhibited by the P2 inhibitors suramin and PPADS suggesting direct activation of ATP receptors. Extracellular ATP also induced an intracellular rise in calcium in cultured astrocytes, and ATP-induced rises in both calcium and H+ efflux were significantly attenuated when calcium re-loading into the endoplasmic reticulum was inhibited by thapsigargin. Replacement of extracellular sodium with choline did not significantly reduce the size of the ATP-induced increases in H+ flux, and the increases in H+ flux were not significantly affected by addition of EIPA, suggesting little involvement of Na+/H+ exchangers in ATP-elicited increases in H+ flux. Given the high sensitivity of voltage-sensitive calcium channels on neurons to small changes in levels of free H+, we hypothesize that the ATP-mediated extrusion of H+ from astrocytes may play a key role in regulating signaling at synapses within the nervous system.

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