期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING, VOL 12, 2021
卷 12, 期 -, 页码 471-494出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-093020-091447
关键词
CO2 storage; CO2 capture and storage; CCS; geophysics; geochemistry; monitoring; dissolution
资金
- UKRI EPSRC [EP/P026214/1]
- NERC [NE/R018049/1, NE/S007407/1]
- Total EP
- Equinor ASA
CO2 storage in saline aquifers presents a realistic means of achieving significant global emissions reductions. Although mature, CCS technology needs rapid scale-up to meet the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement. Technology developments focusing on cost reduction, safety improvement, and widespread adoption are crucial for the deployment and success of CCS.
CO2 storage in saline aquifers offers a realistic means of achieving globally significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions at the scale of billions of tonnes per year. We review insights into the processes involved using well-documented industrial-scale projects, supported by a range of laboratory analyses, field studies, and flow simulations. The main topics we address are (a) the significant physicochemical processes, (b) the factors limiting CO2 storage capacity, and (c) the requirements for global scale-up. Although CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology can be considered mature and proven, it requires significant and rapid scale-up to meet the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement. The projected growth in the number of CO2 injection wells required is significantly lower than the historic petroleum industry drill rates, indicating that decarbonization via CCS is a highly credible and affordable ambition for modern human society. Several technology developments are needed to reduce deployment costs and to stimulate widespread adoption of this technology, and these should focus on demonstration of long-term retention and safety of CO2 storage and development of smart ways of handling injection wells and pressure, cost-effective monitoring solutions, and deployment of CCS hubs with associated infrastructure.
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