4.5 Review Book Chapter

Stepping on the Gas to a Circular Economy: Accelerating Development of Carbon-Negative Chemical Production from Gas Fermentation

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ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-120120-021122

关键词

gas fermentation; syngas; acetogen; Clostridium; cell-free; CRISPR

资金

  1. US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Division, Genomic Science Program [DE-SC0018249, FWPERKP903]
  2. US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-EE0008343]
  3. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute ETOP Award
  4. US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Rising levels of greenhouse gases have led to significant environmental, economic, and social challenges globally. Technology that converts greenhouse gases into useful products can help mitigate climate change by enabling a circular carbon economy. Gas fermentation using carbon-fixing microorganisms is a commercially viable and scalable solution which offers unique feedstock and product flexibility.
Owing to rising levels of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and oceans, climate change poses significant environmental, economic, and social challenges globally. Technologies that enable carbon capture and conversion of greenhouse gases into useful products will help mitigate climate change by enabling a new circular carbon economy. Gas fermentation using carbon-fixing microorganisms offers an economically viable and scalable solution with unique feedstock and product flexibility that has been commercialized recently. We review the state of the art of gas fermentation and discuss opportunities to accelerate future development and rollout. We discuss the current commercial process for conversion of waste gases to ethanol, including the underlying biology, challenges in process scale-up, and progress on genetic tool development and metabolic engineering to expand the product spectrum. We emphasize key enabling technologies to accelerate strain development for acetogens and other nonmodel organisms.

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