期刊
VIROLOGY JOURNAL
卷 18, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01563-7
关键词
Human coronaviruses; Mutation; Viruses; Sequence analysis; Evolution
类别
资金
- King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [RSP-2020/198]
MERS-CoV is continuously evolving, with the highest mutation rates observed in the S gene. Selective pressure was found on certain codons, and characteristic amino acid changes were identified across the S protein, showing potential host and year specificity. Phylogenetic analysis based on the S gene sequence revealed clustering of MERS-CoV strains into three main clades, with subdivision of clade B into B1 to B4. Regular analysis of the molecular and pathobiological characteristics of future MERS-CoV strains is recommended to prevent potential future outbreaks at early phases.
Background The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to exist in the Middle East sporadically. Thorough investigations of the evolution of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are urgently required. In the current study, we studied amplified fragments of ORF1a/b, Spike (S) gene, ORF3/4a, and ORF4b of four human MERS-CoV strains for tracking the evolution of MERS-CoV over time. Methods RNA isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirate, sputum, and tracheal swabs/aspirates from hospitalized patients with suspected MERS-CoV infection were analyzed for amplification of nine variable genomic fragments. Sequence comparisons were done using different bioinformatics tools available. Results Several mutations were identified in ORF1a/b, ORF3/4a and ORF4b, with the highest mutation rates in the S gene. Five codons; 4 in ORF1a and 1 in the S gene, were found to be under selective pressure. Characteristic amino acid changes, potentially hosted and year specific were defined across the S protein and in the receptor-binding domain Phylogenetic analysis using S gene sequence revealed clustering of MERS-CoV strains into three main clades, A, B and C with subdivision of with clade B into B1 to B4. Conclusions In conclusion, MERS-CoV appears to continuously evolve. It is recommended that the molecular and pathobiological characteristics of future MERS-CoV strains should be analyzed on regular basis to prevent potential future outbreaks at early phases.
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