期刊
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
卷 44, 期 8, 页码 605-618出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.03.002
关键词
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资金
- European Research Council [724866]
- Israel Science Foundation [1663/18]
- Rosetrees Trust [A2590]
- Volkswagen Foundation
- Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony grant
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [440813539, 448865644]
- BIRAX (Britain Israel Research and Academic Exchange Partnership) Regenerative Medicine Initiative
- European Research Council (ERC) [724866] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
Neural circuit functions are stabilized through a process called firing rate homeostasis, in which mitochondria seem to play a central role. While mitochondria are known to regulate certain neuronal variables, the specific mitochondrial signaling pathways essential for firing rate homeostasis remain largely unknown.
Neural circuit functions are stabilized by homeostatic processes at long timescales in response to changes in behavioral states, experience, and learning. However, it remains unclear which specific physiological variables are being stabilized and which cellular or neural network components compose the homeostatic machinery. At this point, most evidence suggests that the distribution of firing rates among neurons in a neuronal circuit is the key variable that is maintained around a set-point value in a process called 'firing rate homeostasis.' Here, we review recent findings that implicate mitochondria as central players in mediating firing rate homeostasis. While mitochondria are known to regulate neuronal variables such as synaptic vesicle release or intracellular calcium concentration, the mitochondrial signaling pathways that are essential for firing rate homeostasis remain largely unknown. We used basic concepts of control theory to build a framework for classifying possible components of the homeostatic machinery that stabilizes firing rate, and we particularly emphasize the potential role of sleep and wakefulness in this homeostatic process. This framework may facilitate the identification of new homeostatic pathways whose malfunctions drive instability of neural circuits in distinct brain disorders.
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