Interphase microtubules in nuclear organization and genome maintenance

Microtubules are major cytoskeletal components mediating fundamental cellular processes, including cell division. Recent evidence suggests that microtubules also regulate the nucleus during the cell cycle's interphase stage. Deciphering such roles of microtubules should uncover direct crosstalk between the nucleus and cytoplasm, impacting genome function and organismal health. Here, we review emerging roles for microtubules in interphase genome regulation. We explore how microtubules exert cytoplasmic forces on the nucleus or transport molecular cargo, including DNA, into or within the nucleus. We also describe how microtubules perform these functions by establishing transient or stable connections with nuclear envelope elements. Lastly, we discuss how the regulation of the nucleus by microtubules impacts genome organization and repair. Together, the literature indicates that interphase microtubules are critical regulators of nuclear structure and genome stability.

Automated summary

Microtubules play a crucial role in mediating fundamental cellular processes, including cell division, and recent evidence suggests they also regulate the nucleus during the interphase stage of the cell cycle. By exerting cytoplasmic forces on the nucleus, transporting molecular cargo like DNA, and establishing connections with nuclear envelope elements, microtubules impact genome function and organismal health. Overall, the literature indicates that interphase microtubules are critical regulators of nuclear structure and genome stability.