Chromatographic profile and antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of Sideritis leptoclada: An endemic plant from Turkey

Sideritis species have been used for centuries for their antimicrobial, digestive, anti-ulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of solvent extracts of S. leptoclada O. Schwarz & P.H. Davis, an endemic species. It was determined that methanol (MeOH) and water extracts contained high amounts of chlorogenic acid and verbascoside, while the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract contained high amounts of 4-hydroxybenzoic and vanilic acids. The water extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in almost all parameters. Inhibitory activity of the MeOH extract on tyrosinase was 1.04 mg/ml, which was the highest value in this experiment. On the other hand, in alpha-amylase inhibitory assay, the EtOAc extract showed an activity of 2.21 mg/ml. Docking analysis showed that verbascoside can be an effective tyrosinase and alpha-amylase inhibitory agent. (C) 2021 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Sideritis species have been traditionally used for their antimicrobial, digestive, anti-ulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study focused on evaluating the chemical composition and bioactivities of solvent extracts from S. leptoclada, revealing high antioxidant activity in the water extract and potent inhibitory effects on tyrosinase by the MeOH extract. Docking analysis suggested that verbascoside could be a promising inhibitory agent for tyrosinase and alpha-amylase.