Effects of ferromagnetic-material thickness on magnetoelectric voltage transformation in a multiferroic heterostructure

A magnetoelectric (ME) voltage transformer is fabricated on the basis of a ferromagnetic (FM)-piezoelectric (PE) heterostructure comprising two equally thick laminated layers of an amorphous FM alloy and a piezoceramic lead zirconate-titanate layer sandwiched between them. The structure, placed inside an excitation coil, is electrically poled and magnetized in the direction of the long axis. The primary voltage is applied to the coil and the secondary voltage is measured between the electrodes of the PE material. It is shown for the first time that the change in the total thickness of magnetic layers significantly influences the transformer ' s characteristics. At the largest total thickness of FM layers of 138 mu m, the open-circuit voltage transformation ratio K has a maximum value of about 20, and the power transfer efficiency eta at a matched resistive load of about 20 k omega reaches 45%. The variation of the control magnetic field in the range of 0-21.6 kA m(-1) makes it possible to change the voltage transformation ratio K from zero to the maximum value. A simple model allows one to calculate the dependence of the characteristics of the ME transformer on the frequency of the primary voltage, thickness of the FM layers, control magnetic field, and the load.

Automated summary

A magnetoelectric (ME) voltage transformer is fabricated using a ferromagnetic (FM)-piezoelectric (PE) heterostructure, where the thickness of the magnetic layers significantly influences its characteristics. The maximum open-circuit voltage transformation ratio and power transfer efficiency are achieved at the largest total thickness of FM layers. The voltage transformation ratio can be changed from zero to the maximum value by varying the control magnetic field, and a simple model allows for calculation of the transformer's characteristics under different conditions.