期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 763, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144222
关键词
Crown fires; Fire traits; Flammability; Mass Loss Calorimeter; Seed dispersal; Surface fires
资金
- Spanish RD projects [RIA2017-00042-005-01, RTI2018094691-B-C32]
- EU through the FEDER program
This study investigates the effects of radiation and flame on the opening and seed release of serotinous cones for the first time, revealing a threshold of 25-30 kW m(-2) for cone opening. Results show that heating mode, cone age, and ignition significantly affect cone opening, with ignition boosting the efficacy of opening and seed release.
Serotiny is a well-known fire adaptive trait in some species, as the Mediterranean conifer Nuts halepensis. However, information about cone opening mechanisms during wildfires and consequences on post fire dispersal is scarce. In addition, standardized methods allowing a realistic simulation of heating modes at bench-scale are not available. In this study, we address for the first time the interacting effects of radiation convection and direct flame on the opening and seed release of serotinous cones, following a novel repeatable methodology. Using a Mass Loss Calorimeter (MLC) device and a wide range of heat exposures (between 5 and 75 kW m(-2)) with Of without ignition, we intended to simulate realistic cone heating during surface and crown fires in laboratory conditions. Additionally, we included the effect of contrasting serotinous cone ages interacting with heating mode and considering the random individual variation. The proposed methodology has shown a high potential to simulate the complex process of crown fires in relation to cone opening under controlled conditions, detecting a threshold of heat exposure (25-30 kW m(-2)) for cone opening. We confirmed that heating mode had a highly significant effect in cone opening, interacting with cone age, while cone age effect on its own was marginal Particularly, ignition significantly increased the efficacy of cone opening and seed release. Moreover, young and old cones behave differently in seed release, both in surface and crown fire simulations. Implementing and adjusting this methodology in other species will allow more realistic and reliable quantitative comparisons than previously attained. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据