期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 126, 期 19, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.195302
关键词
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资金
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP17K05549, JP18KK0391, JP20H01842]
- OCU Think globally, act locally Research Grant for Young Scientists through the hometown donation fund of Osaka City
A novel topological defect, an elliptic vortex, has been identified theoretically in a spin-nematic superfluid under specific conditions. This new vortex structure, considered a Joukowski transform of a conventional vortex, is characterized by its oblateness and its dependence on the Zeeman and spin healing lengths. The theoretical analysis also clarifies the distinction between half quantum vortices in polar and antiferromagnetic phases in spin-1 condensates.
We find a novel topological defect in a spin-nematic superfluid theoretically. A quantized vortex spontaneously breaks its axisymmetry, leading to an elliptic vortex in nematic-spin Bose-Einstein condensates with small positive quadratic Zeeman effect. The new vortex is considered the Joukowski transform of a conventional vortex. Its oblateness grows when the Zeeman length exceeds the spin healing length. This structure is sustained by balancing the hydrodynamic potential and the elasticity of a soliton connecting two spin spots, which are observable by in situ magnetization imaging. The theoretical analysis clearly defines the difference between half quantum vortices of the polar and antiferromagnetic phases in spin-1 condensates.
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