期刊
ORYX
卷 56, 期 2, 页码 298-307出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0030605320000447
关键词
Asiatic black bear; mammal conservation; population dynamics; Republic of Korea; South Korea; species reintroduction; Ursus thibetanus
资金
- Jirisan National Park [20170453243-00]
- Rural Development Administration of Korea [PJ01228503]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2017R1A2B2003579]
Reintroductions of large carnivores can provide unique opportunities to model population dynamics, though analysis of such populations is rare. By using a mixed modelling approach and radio telemetry, the reintroduced Asiatic black bear population in Korea was monitored, revealing a potential population equilibrium but a need for a second reintroduction to fully restore the species.
Reintroductions of large carnivore species present unique opportunities to model population dynamics as populations can be monitored from the beginning of a reintroduction. However, analysis of the population dynamics of such reintroduced populations is rare and may be limited in incorporating the complex movements and environmental interactions of large carnivores. Starting in 2004, Asiatic black bears Ursus thibetanus were reintroduced and tracked in the Republic of Korea, along with their descendants, using radio telemetry, yielding 33,924 tracking points over 12 years. Along with information about habitat use, landscape, and resource availability, we estimated the population equilibrium and dispersal capability of the reintroduced population. We used a mixed modelling approach to determine suitable habitat areas, population equilibria for three different resources-based scenarios, and least-cost pathways (i.e. corridors) for dispersal. Our population simulations provided a mean population equilibrium of 64 individuals at the original reintroduction site and a potential maximum of 1,438 individuals in the country. The simulation showed that the bear population will disperse to nearby mountainous areas, but a second reintroduction will be required to fully restore U. thibetanus. Northern suitable habitats are currently disconnected and natural re-population is unlikely to happen unless supported. Our methodologies and findings are also relevant for determining the outcome and trajectories of reintroduced populations of other large carnivores.
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