期刊
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
卷 30, 期 14, 页码 3530-3547出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/mec.15987
关键词
cave colonization; divergence with-gene-flow; ecotype formation; QTL mapping; reed lake habitat
资金
- National Genomics Infrastructure in Genomics Production Stockholm - Science for Life Laboratory
- LiU Neuro Framework
- Swedish Research Council (VR)
Organisms with wide distribution ranges that adapt to drastically different habitats over space and time are well suited for studying ecotype formation. By studying Crustacean model Asellus aquaticus, researchers found genetic regions associated with body pigmentation, antennae length, and body size in surface stream, cave, and lake ecotypes. Genomic differentiation between natural populations and genes potentially associated with different habitats demonstrate how troglomorphic adaptations can be used as a model for related ecotype formation.
Organisms well suited for the study of ecotype formation have wide distribution ranges, where they adapt to multiple drastically different habitats repeatedly over space and time. Here we study such ecotypes in a Crustacean model, Asellus aquaticus, a commonly occurring isopod found in freshwater habitats as diverse as streams, caves and lakes. Previous studies focusing on cave vs. surface ecotypes have attributed depigmentation, eye loss and prolonged antennae to several south European cave systems. Likewise, surveys across multiple Swedish lakes have identified the presence of dark-pigmented reed and light-pigmented stonewort ecotypes, which can be found within the same lake. In this study, we sequenced the first draft genome of A. aquaticus, and subsequently use this to map reads and call variants in surface stream, cave and two lake ecotypes. In addition, the draft genome was combined with a RADseq approach to perform a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping study using a laboratory bred F-2 and F-4 cave x surface intercross. We identified genomic regions associated with body pigmentation, antennae length and body size. Furthermore, we compared genome-wide differentiation between natural populations and found several genes potentially associated with these habitats. The assessment of the cave QTL regions in the light-dark comparison of lake populations suggests that the regions associated with cave adaptation are also involved with genomic differentiation in the lake ecotypes. These demonstrate how troglomorphic adaptations can be used as a model for related ecotype formation.
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