期刊
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
卷 35, 期 13, 页码 -出版社
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S0217984921300040
关键词
Wave– particle duality; matter wave; quantum wave function; Maxwell theory; electron
资金
- Macro-Science Program, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology [DCC18SC01]
- Hong Kong RGC grant [RMGS20SC01]
This paper reviews a new theoretical framework to address the mystery of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics, proposing that photons and electrons are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum represented by wave functions. It suggests that the quantum wave function truly represents a physical wave, with the wave packet appearing as a particle only in the macroscopic view.
A well-known mystery in quantum mechanics is wave-particle duality: Is an electron a point mass or a physical wave? What is the physical meaning of its wave function? About a hundred years ago, there was a famous debate between Bohr and Einstein on this topic. Their question is still open today. This paper reviews a new theoretical framework to address this problem. Here, it is hypothesized that both photons and electrons are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum, the physical properties of which can be modeled based on the Maxwell theory. Using the method of Helmholtz decomposition, one can show that the wave function of the particle is associated with an electric vector potential called Z, which plays the role of basic field for the excitation wave. Using this framework, the quantum wave equations can be derived based on a quantization of the Maxwell theory. This work suggests that, the quantum wave function truly represents a physical wave; the wave packet looks like a particle only in the macroscopic view. Because the vacuum excitation obeys the principle of all-or-none, the probability of detecting this particle is related to the wave function as suggested in the Copenhagen interpretation.
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