NaNbO3-based antiferroelectric multilayer ceramic capacitors for energy storage applications

Antiferroelectric materials feature electric-field-induced phase transitions followed by a large polarization change characterized by double polarization hysteresis loops. Therefore, antiferroelectrics are engaging for highenergy density and high-power density applications, especially in the form of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). However, the development of lead-free antiferroelectrics with stable double hysteresis loops is still challenging, especially for compositions based on NaNbO3. To this end, we have prepared MLCCs with the newly developed antiferroelectric composition 0.90NaNbO3-0.06SrSnO3-0.04(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3. The double hysteresis loops were determined at 24 kV/mm in the temperature range of 25-150 C, with resulting recoverable energy storage ranging from 1.16 to 1.42 J/cm3, respectively. Moreover, the energy efficiency is rather constant at 0.4 in the same temperature range. Finally, the MLCCs exhibit resistance to electric field cycling and could withstand up to 1000 cycles. These results verify that NaNbO3-based antiferroelectrics in the form of MLCCs are promising for use in applications.

Automated summary

This study prepared MLCCs with a newly developed antiferroelectric composition, successfully determining stable double polarization hysteresis loops and verifying their recoverable energy storage and energy efficiency at high temperatures. The results demonstrate the potential application prospects of NaNbO3-based antiferroelectric materials in the form of MLCCs.