期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
卷 104, 期 9, 页码 4341-4350出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jace.17845
关键词
bismuth titanates; core‐ shell structures; diffusion; diffusivity; ferroelectricity; ferroelectric materials; lead‐ free ceramics
资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FR 3718/1--1, UN 80/14-1]
Solid solutions of (Na,Bi)TiO3 (NBT) and SrTiO3 (ST) may develop core-shell structures during synthesis, affecting electrical properties. Doping with Fe and Nb can help control oxygen vacancy concentration and influence chemical homogenization and core-shell structure formation.
Solid solutions of (Na,Bi)TiO3 (NBT) and SrTiO3 (ST) are materials of interest for high-strain or high-energy density capacitor applications. Often, they exhibit chemical heterogeneity and develop core-shell structures during regular solid-state synthesis with an NBT-rich core. In this case, the NBT forms first so that the strontium needs to diffuse into the material to reach chemical homogeneity. Depending on the presence of core-shell structures, the electrical properties can vary drastically. In this work, we rationalize the effect of variations in oxygen vacancy concentration by Fe-acceptor and Nb-donor doping. It can be shown that a diffusion couple of strontium and oxygen is responsible for chemical homogenization and that the oxygen vacancy content can control the formation of a core-shell structure.
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