A novel relaxor (Bi,Na,Ba)(Ti,Zr)O3 lead-free ceramic with high energy storage performance

Energy storage ceramic capacitors advance in high power density and working voltage, but challenge in simultaneously large recoverable energy density (W-rec), high energy efficiency (eta), and good thermal stability. To achieve this, a novel lead-free ceramic system (1-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-x(BaZr0.3Ti0.7O3) [(1-x)BNT-xBZT] was explored by tailoring the ferroelectric relaxor states. The introduction of BZT gradually promotes the transformation of ferroelectric states into relaxor states at around the room temperature for x = 0.3-0.5 that presents a pinched P-E loop. The optimized composition of x = 0.45 possesses a large W-rec of up to 2.6 J/cm(3) and ultrahigh n of 94%, with only a small variation (+/- 8%) in W-rec and the high n (90%) over a broad temperature range (-30 degrees C to 180 degrees C), demonstrating the superior performances compared to many existing lead-free ceramics. The remarkable advantages of the novel BNT-BZT lead-free ceramics explored in this study are thus promising for the high-efficiency and temperature-stable energy storage capacitor applications.

Automated summary

Novel lead-free ceramic system with tailored ferroelectric relaxor states demonstrates excellent performance in energy storage, with high recoverable energy density and energy efficiency, as well as stable performance over a broad temperature range.