期刊
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
卷 2021, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1742-5468/abee22
关键词
active matter; stationary states; transport properties; stochastic particle dynamics
资金
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme/European Training Programme [674979]
- MCIU/AEI/FEDER [RTI2018-099032-J-I00]
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (AEI/FEDER-EU) [PGC2018-098373-B-100]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2017SGR-884]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200021-175719]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200021_175719] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
The study examines the breakdown of detailed balance in non-equilibrium systems and its connection to violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. By establishing general constraints on non-equilibrium steady-states, the research provides a unified approach to deriving extended fluctuation-dissipation relations and understanding the departure from equilibrium in active systems and their linear response. By analyzing paradigmatic models of interacting self-propelled particles, the research clarifies the genuinely non-equilibrium features of these systems and derives extended fluctuation-dissipation relations for them.
We present a comprehensive study about the relationship between the way detailed balance is broken in non-equilibrium systems and the resulting violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Starting from stochastic dynamics with both odd and even variables under time-reversal, we derive an explicit expression for the time-reversal operator, i.e. the Markovian operator which generates the time-reversed trajectories. We then exploit the relation between entropy production and the breakdown of detailed balance to establish general constraints on the non-equilibrium steady-states (NESS), which relate the non-equilibrium character of the dynamics with symmetry properties of the NESS distribution. This provides a direct route to derive extended fluctuation-dissipation relations, expressing the linear response function in terms of NESS correlations. Such framework provides a unified way to understand the departure from equilibrium of active systems and its linear response. We then consider two paradigmatic models of interacting self-propelled particles, namely active Brownian particles and active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles. We analyze the non-equilibrium character of these systems (also within a Markov and a Chapman-Enskog approximation) and derive extended fluctuation-dissipation relations for them, clarifying which features of these active model systems are genuinely non-equilibrium.
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