Application of HKUST-1 metal-organic framework as coating for headspace solid-phase microextraction of some addictive drugs

In the present study, a copper-based metal-organic framework (HKUST-1) was used first time for preconcentration trace amounts of addictive drugs in biological samples. HKUST-1 was synthesized and coated onto the surface of stainless steel wire. The prepared coating was used in headspace solid-phase microextraction method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for preconcentration and determination of some addictive drugs in biological fluids. Prepared coating shows good extraction efficiency due to large surface area, and pi-pi stacking interaction with selected analytes. Under optimum conditions, the method was validated with a reasonable determination coefficient (R-2 > 0.9961) and suitable linear dynamic range (0.5-1000 mu g L-1). Also, the limits of detections were obtained in the range of 0.1-0.4, 0.2-0.6, and 0.4-0.7 mu g L-1 for water, urine, and plasma samples, respectively. The limits of quantification of present method were obtained in the range 0.5-1.3, 0.7-1.5, and 1.0-1.9 mu g L-1 in water, urine, and plasma samples, respectively. The intra-day and inter-dye single fiber and fiber to fiber relative standard deviations were observed in the range 3.0-13.9% and 3.5-12.3%, respectively. Finally, the present method was applied for the determination of the drugs in biological samples.

Automated summary

In this study, a copper-based metal-organic framework (HKUST-1) was used for the first time to preconcentrate trace amounts of addictive drugs in biological samples. The prepared coating showed good extraction efficiency due to its large surface area and pi-pi stacking interaction with selected analytes, leading to validated method with reasonable determination coefficient and suitable linear dynamic range for drug determination in water, urine, and plasma samples. The method demonstrated reliable and consistent performance for the analysis of drugs in biological samples.