Development of the inorganic composite phase change materials for passive thermal management of Li-ion batteries: Application

In this study, two inorganic phase change materials (PCM) were tested to be used for thermal control of lithium-ion batteries. Paraffin wax was used as a reference material. To increase thermal conductivity, the PCMs were impregnated into the expanded graphite matrix, forming composite PCM (CPCM). Four types of Li-ion battery packs were manufactured to show the difference in performance between the packs with various CPCMs and No-CPCM. Electrical cycling studies at ambient temperature showed that at C/2 discharge the No-CPCM pack surpasses 35 degrees C, while all CPCM packs remain around 30 degrees C, demonstrating similar behavior. At 1C discharge, No-CPCM pack reaches 49 degrees C, whereas the CPCM packs do not exceed 40 degrees C. At 2C discharge, the No-CPCM pack over-passed the safety limit of 65 degrees C and was stopped before completing the first discharge. The CPCM packs successfully completed the cycling. Studies performed at 45 degrees C demonstrate a similar trend, but with higher peak temperatures. Nail penetration testing proved that the inorganic CPCM. inhibited the pack from self-accelerated degradation, successfully prevented thermal runaway propagation and potential explosion. Low cost and incombustibility make inorganic PCMs. viable alternative to the organic PCMs, with a positive impact on environmental and economic issues. [GRAPHICS]

Automated summary

The study examined the use of inorganic phase change materials (PCM) in lithium-ion batteries for thermal control, demonstrating improved stability and safety compared to traditional materials. The use of inorganic PCMs offers a viable and cost-effective alternative with positive environmental and economic impacts.