Study of the Crystallization and structural behavior of Bismuth Barium Titanate Glass-Ceramics

Bismuth Barium titanate glass-ceramics with composition (100-x)Bi2O3-xBaTiO(3) synthesized via controlled crystallization have been explored for their structural and optical properties. X-Ray Diffraction data clearly confirmed the presence of crystalline phases in the prepared glass-ceramics with orthorhombic Ba2Ti13O22 phase being the leading and stable one. Additionally, the commencement of hexagonal BaTiO3 phase has been found in higher compositions above x >= 20 with increase in BaTiO3 content. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy revealed the conversion of Non-bridging oxygen atoms (NBO's) to Bridging oxygen atoms (BO's) takes place when BaTiO3 content increases in the sample and thus resulting in compactness of the network. UV-Visible spectroscopy has been performed to calculate their optical band gap energies (E-g). An increase in optical band gap energy has been found and same has also been confirmed using Urbach energy approach. The lower values of Urbach energy propose the creation of (BO's), decrease in disorder and hence support structural stability of the system. The electronegativity and electronic polarizability values reveal the covalent character of glass-ceramic samples.

Automated summary

The structural and optical properties of bismuth barium titanate glass-ceramics were studied, revealing that an increase in BaTiO3 content led to enhanced network compactness and higher optical band gap energy. The electronic polarizability values indicated that the glass-ceramic samples exhibited covalent character.