Illustrated Morphological Keys for Fleas (Siphonaptera) in Madagascar

Madagascar has an important diversity of fleas (Siphonaptera), which almost species do not exist elsewhere. Scientists have provided huge efforts to improve knowledge on Malagasy fleas since the middle of 1900s particularly by investigating topics such as taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, and flea vector role. Since then, new species discovery has increased and currently, 48 species are recorded which the majority is endemic. Therefore, it becomes necessary to have updated keys to identify species membership. This paper presents morphological-based keys to identify at genus and species levels adult fleas reported as occurring in Madagascar. Illustrations are proposed to make easier the observation of morphological criteria, which may be tricky for sibling species.

Automated summary

Madagascar possesses a significant diversity of fleas, with efforts to improve knowledge and provide morphological keys for identification of species. This has led to an increase in new species discoveries, with a focus on endemic species in the region.