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Triglyceride lowering by omega-3 fatty acids: a mechanism mediated by N-acyl taurines

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
卷 131, 期 6, 页码 -

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AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI147558

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  1. NIH [P01HL092969, P01HL151328, R01HL149685, R35HL150754]

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Recent research shows that omega-3 fatty acids can reduce plasma triglyceride levels through a mechanism involving N-acyl taurines, inhibiting intestinal triglyceride hydrolysis, and reducing lipid absorption, providing protection against high-fat diet-induced plasma triglyceride levels and hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation.
Interest in omega-3 fatty acids (colloquially known as fish oils) to lower residual cardiovascular risk in statin-treated patients has increased markedly in the wake of recent cardiovascular outcome trials. The triglyceride-lowering effects of omega-3 fatty acids are generally thought to occur by reduced hepatic VLDL production. In this issue of the JCI , Grevengoed et al. used mouse models and human plasma samples to reveal an additional mechanism whereby these polyunsaturated fatty acids can lower plasma triglycerides. Their findings indicate that omega-3 fatty acid? derived N-acyl taurines (NATs) greatly accumulate in bile and also in plasma following omega-3 supplementation. The authors further show that one of these NATs (C22:6 NAT) inhibited intestinal triglyceride hydrolysis and lipid absorption, which resulted in lower plasma triglycerides and protection against hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation in mice fed a high-fat diet. The findings open a potential avenue for triglyceride lowering by omega-3 fatty acids conjugated to taurine.

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