Ultrasound-assisted magnetic solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water samples with a magnetic polyaniline modified graphene oxide nanocomposite

A novel magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite modified with polyaniline (Fe3O4@GO-PANI) was synthesized and applied for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (i.e. fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene) and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (N-PAHs) (i.e. 2-nitrofluorene, 9-nitroanthracene, 1-nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene) prior to their determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The prepared nanomaterial was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. The main experimental parameters affecting the extraction and desorption steps of the MSPE procedure were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, coefficients of determination (r(2)) ranged between 0.9970 and 0.9995, limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) ranged between 0.04-0.05 ng mL(-1) for PAHs and 0.01-0.11 ng mL(-1) for N-PAHs, while the relative standard deviation for intra-day and inter-day repeatability were lower than 10.0% for PAHs and N-PAHs. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of tap, mineral and river water samples. Relative recoveries in spiked water samples ranged between from 91.6 to 114% and from 92.3 to 110% for PAHs and N-PAHs, respectively. The proposed method is simple, rapid, sensitive and the Fe3O4@GO-PANI sorbent can be reused for at least 15 times without significant decrease in extraction recovery. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A novel magnetic Fe3O4@GO-PANI nanocomposite was synthesized and applied for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of PAHs and N-PAHs with high accuracy, low limits of detection, and good stability. The method was successfully applied to water samples from various sources, and the sorbent could be reused multiple times, demonstrating practical value.