MHD flow of MgO-Ag/water hybrid nanofluid past a moving slim needle considering dual solutions: an applicable model for hot-wire anemometer analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the steady laminar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of a magnesium oxide-silver/water hybrid nanofluid along a horizontal slim needle with thermal radiation by considering dual solutions. Design/methodology/approach It is assumed that the needle can move in the same or opposite direction of the free stream. Also the solid phase and fluid phase are in thermal equilibrium. The basic partial differential equations become dimensionless using a similarity transformation method. Moreover, problem coding is accomplished using the finite difference method. The emerging parameters are nanoparticles mass (0-40 gr), base fluid mass (100 gr), needle's size (0.001-0.2), magnetic field parameter, velocity ratio parameter, radiation parameter and Prandtl number (6.2). Findings With help of the stability analysis, it is shown that always the first solutions are physically stable. Results indicate that the magnetic parameter and the second nanoparticle's mass limit the range of the velocity ratio parameter for which the solution exists. Besides, the magnetic parameter leads to decrease of quantities of engineering interest, i.e. skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, no one has ever attempted to study the present problem through a mass-based model for hybrid nanofluid. Moreover, the dual solutions for the problem are new. Indeed, the results of this paper are purely original and the numerical achievements were never published up to now. Finally, the authors expect that the present investigation would be useful in hot-wire anemometer or shielded thermocouple for measuring the velocity of the wind, etc.

Automated summary

This study investigates the steady laminar magnetohydrodynamics flow of a magnesium oxide-silver/water hybrid nanofluid along a horizontal slim needle with thermal radiation, considering dual solutions. The results show that the magnetic parameter and the second nanoparticle's mass limit the range of the velocity ratio parameter for which the solution exists, and the magnetic parameter leads to a decrease in engineering quantities of interest.