Annexin Animal Models-From Fundamental Principles to Translational Research

Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.

Automated summary

Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research, allowing for investigation of traits associated with advanced developmental stages. The annexins, a family of calcium- and lipid-binding proteins, have been extensively studied in cellular functions, with recent research on genetically modified annexin mouse models revealing striking phenotypes under stress conditions mimicking human disease. This comprehensive review emphasizes the exciting potential of using animal models in annexin-related research for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.