期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 22, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073736
关键词
hyperprogressive disease; immunotherapy; checkpoint inhibitors; cancer; solid tumors
资金
- Spanish Association against Cancer (AECC) [PROYE16001ESCO]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-FEDER) [FIS. PI17/02119]
- Biomedicine Project grant from the Department of Health of the Government of Navarre [BMED 050-2019]
- Clinico Junior 2019 scholarship from the AECC [CLJUN19010ARAS]
Immunotherapy has been positioned as a preferential treatment for a wide variety of neoplasms, but a new pattern of response called hyperprogressive disease, characterized by sudden tumor growth acceleration, has raised concerns. The identification of this phenomenon relies mostly on radiological criteria, with ongoing debate on whether it is induced by immunotherapy or reflects the natural course of highly aggressive tumors. Contradictory trial results among different cancer types suggest varying incidence, associated factors, and prognosis implications.
Along with the positioning of immunotherapy as a preferential treatment for a wide variety of neoplasms, a new pattern of response consisting in a sudden acceleration of tumor growth has been described. This phenomenon has received the name of hyperprogressive disease, and several definitions have been proposed for its identification, most of them relying on radiological criteria. However, due to the fact that the cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated yet, there is still some debate regarding whether this fast progression is induced by immunotherapy or only reflects the natural course of some highly aggressive neoplasms. Moreover, contradictory results of trials including patients with different cancer types suggest that both the incidence, the associated factors and the implications regarding prognosis might differ depending on tumor histology. This article intends to review the main publications regarding this matter and critically approach the most controversial aspects.
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