Gastric Cancer: Advances in Carcinogenesis Research and New Therapeutic Strategies

Gastric cancer's bad incidence, prognosis, cellular and molecular heterogeneity amongst others make this disease a major health issue worldwide. Understanding this affliction is a priority for proper patients' management and for the development of efficient therapeutical strategies. This review gives an overview of major scientific advances, made during the past 5-years, to improve the comprehension of gastric adenocarcinoma. A focus was made on the different actors of gastric carcinogenesis, including, Helicobacter pylori cancer stem cells, tumour microenvironment and microbiota. New and recent potential biomarkers were assessed as well as emerging therapeutical strategies involving cancer stem cells targeting as well as immunotherapy. Finally, recent experimental models to study this highly complex disease were discussed, highlighting the importance of gastric cancer understanding in the hard-fought struggle against cancer relapse, metastasis and bad prognosis.

Automated summary

Gastric cancer poses a significant global health issue due to its high incidence, poor prognosis, and cellular and molecular heterogeneity. Recent scientific advances have focused on understanding the different factors involved in gastric carcinogenesis, such as Helicobacter pylori, cancer stem cells, tumor microenvironment, and microbiota. Additionally, research has explored new potential biomarkers and emerging therapeutic strategies, including targeting cancer stem cells and immunotherapy, to combat cancer relapse, metastasis, and poor prognosis.