期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
卷 69, 期 5, 页码 2494-2505出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3061547
关键词
Optimization; Particle swarm optimization; Simulated annealing; Broadband communication; Power generation; Power system harmonics; Harmonic analysis; Automated design; broadband; high efficiency; power amplifier (PA); simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO); triband
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFB1802004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61871075, 62001082]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M663472]
This article introduces a method for automated design of high-efficiency power amplifiers using an optimization-oriented approach. By utilizing the SA-PSO algorithm, the design of a broadband 10W and a triband 6W power amplifier was successful, achieving good performance in their respective frequency bands.
In this article, a method for design automation high-efficiency power amplifiers (PAs) based on an optimizationoriented is proposed. The advantages of using particle swarm optimization to design PAs in electronic design automatic tools are analyzed, and then, simulated annealing is combined to form simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO). In this article, the perfectly inelastic collision used in conventional PSO is replaced by the perfectly elastic collision to improve the searching ability through reducing kinetic energy consumption. A stepped fitness function is defined to avoid the performance pit at a single-frequency point, and the concept missing and returning is introduced to solve the nonconvergence problem in simulation. Based on the improved SA-PSO algorithm, a broadband 10 W and a triband 6-W PA are designed. The broadband 10-W PA achieves an average drain efficiency (DE) of 62.5% and an output power of 41.2 dBm in the 0.8-3-GHz frequency band, respectively; the triband 6-W PA achieves an average of 57.4%/47.9%/47.3% DE and 37.7-/38.3-/ 37.4 dBm output power in 3.35-3.55-/5.75-5.95-/7.65-7.95-GHz frequency bands, respectively, while the gains of most stopbands reach less than 0 dB. With digital predistortion technology, the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) can reach less than -45 dBc.
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