期刊
GEOLOGY
卷 49, 期 9, 页码 1044-1048出版社
GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
DOI: 10.1130/G48861.1
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资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- MCI/AEI/FEDER, UE [Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia/Agencia Espanola de Investigacion/Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo regional/Union Europea] [RTI2018-099157-A-I00]
This study evaluates the fluid compositions that formed the classic yet enigmatic Mt(-Ap) deposit at El Laco in northern Chile, suggesting that ore-stage minerals crystallized from an Fe-rich sulfate melt. The major component of the liquid was derived from assimilation of evaporite-bearing sedimentary rocks during emplacement of andesitic magma at depth. The assimilation of evaporite-bearing sedimentary strata is argued to have played a key role in the formation of El Laco and likely Mt(-Ap) deposits elsewhere.
The origins of Kiruna-type magnetite(-apatite) [Mt(-Ap)] deposits are contentious, with existing models ranging from purely hydrothermal to orthomagmatic end members. Here, we evaluate the compositions of fluids that formed the classic yet enigmatic Mt(-Ap) deposit at El Laco, northern Chile. We report evidence that ore-stage minerals crystallized from an Fe-rich (6-17 wt% Fe) sulfate melt. We suggest that a major component of the liquid was derived from assimilation of evaporite-bearing sedimentary rocks during emplacement of andesitic magma at depth. Hence, we argue that assimilation of evaporite-bearing sedimentary strata played a key role in the formation of El Laco and likely Mt(-Ap) deposits elsewhere.
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