期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 53, 期 10, 页码 3404-3415出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15195
关键词
continuous theta burst stimulation; intermittent theta burst stimulation; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; reproducibility; stimulation intensity; transparency
资金
- NIH [1R01NS109498-01A1]
- University Medical Center Gottingen
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a commonly used non-invasive brain stimulation technique with a range of applications. This review examines the approaches and intensities of stimulus selection in human rTMS studies, highlighting a lack of reported information for reproducibility in basic science models. Recommendations are made for improved reporting practices to enhance understanding of rTMS mechanisms.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly used, non-invasive brain stimulation technique in neuroscience research and clinical practice with a broad spectrum of suggested applications. Among other parameters, the choice of stimulus intensity and intracranial electric field strength substantially impacts rTMS outcome. This review provides a systematic overview of the intensity selection approaches and stimulation intensities used in human rTMS studies. We also examined whether studies report sufficient information to reproduce stimulus intensities for basic science research models. We performed a systematic review by focusing on original studies published between 1991 and 2020. We included conventional (e.g., 1 or 10 Hz) and patterned protocols (e.g., continuous or intermittent theta burst stimulation). We identified 3,784 articles in total, and we manually processed a representative portion (20%) of randomly selected articles. The majority of the analyzed studies (90% of entries) used the motor threshold (MT) approach and stimulation intensities from 80% to 120% of the MT. For continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation, the most frequent stimulation intensity was 80% of the active MT. Most studies (92% of entries) did not report sufficient information to reproduce the stimulation intensity. Only a minority of studies (1.03% of entries) estimated the rTMS-induced electric field strengths. We formulate easy-to-follow recommendations to help scientists and clinicians report relevant information on stimulation intensity. Future standardized reporting guidelines may facilitate the use of basic science approaches aiming at better understanding the molecular, cellular, and neuronal mechanisms of rTMS.
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