Historical Review on VTT Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil Production and Upgrading

The review summarizes VTT fast pyrolysis development efforts from the past 40 years. The experimental work has included a large variety of feedstocks (biomasses, wastes, oil shale, and plastic residues) and a variety of products (heating oils, refinery feeds, transportation fuels, and chemicals). As a result of the constant turbulence on fossil oil prices and changing regulatory framework, only a few renewable product alternatives are economically competitive. Plastic wastes appear to offer currently the most promising industrial opportunities.

Automated summary

The review summarizes VTT's development efforts in fast pyrolysis over the past 40 years, showcasing a wide range of feedstocks and products tested. Plastic wastes are currently seen as the most promising industrial opportunity in this field.