期刊
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
卷 27, 期 5, 页码 484-493出版社
ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2021.03.006
关键词
COVID-19; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; SARS-CoV-2; vitamin D
资金
- Ruth L. Kirchstein National Research Service Award program from the National Institutes of Health [2 T32 DK 7201-42]
Vitamin D is not only important for bone health, but also has beneficial effects on many other organ systems. Experimental studies suggest that vitamin D may play a protective role against the infectivity and severity of COVID-19.
Vitamin D is known not only for its importance for bone health but also for its biologic activities on many other organ systems. This is due to the presence of the vitamin D receptor in various types of cells and tissues, including the skin, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, endocrine pancreas, immune cells, and blood vessels. Experimental studies have shown that vitamin D exerts several actions that are thought to be protective against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infectivity and severity. These include the immunomodulatory effects on the innate and adaptive immune systems, the regulatory effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system in the kidneys and the lungs, and the protective effects against endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in protecting against risk of acquiring acute respiratory viral infection and may improve outcomes in sepsis and critically ill patients. There are a growing number of data connecting COVID-19 infectivity and severity with vitamin D status, suggesting a potential benefit of vitamin D supplementation for primary prevention or as an adjunctive treatment of COVID-19. Although the results from most ongoing randomized clinical trials aiming to prove the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for these purposes are still pending, there is no downside to increasing vitamin D intake and having sensible sunlight exposure to maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at a level of least 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) and preferably 40 to 60 ng/mL (100-150 nmol/L) to minimize the risk of COVID-19 infection and its severity. (C) 2021 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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