期刊
DEVELOPMENT
卷 148, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.195859
关键词
Hypoxia; Gene regulatory networks; Sea urchin; Deoxygenation; Evolution and development; Skeletogenesis
资金
- Israel Science Foundation [41/14, 211/20]
- University of Haifa
The tolerance to hypoxic conditions changes between different developmental stages of sea urchin embryos, possibly due to the structure of gene regulatory networks. Hypoxia applied during early development strongly affects the activity of certain pathways, while pathways are largely unaffected by hypoxia applied after DV-axis formation.
Deoxygenation, the reduction of oxygen level in the oceans induced by global warming and anthropogenic disturbances, is a major threat to marine life. This change in oxygen level could be especially harmful to marine embryos that use endogenous hypoxia and redox gradients as morphogens during normal development. Here, we show that the tolerance to hypoxic conditions changes between different developmental stages of the sea urchin embryo, possibly due to the structure of the gene regulatory networks (GRNs). We demonstrate that during normal development, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway restricts the activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway to two lateral domains and this restriction controls proper skeletal patterning. Hypoxia applied during early development strongly perturbs the activity of Nodal and BMP pathways that affect the VEGF pathway, dorsal-ventral (DV) and skeletogenic patterning. These pathways are largely unaffected by hypoxia applied after DV-axis formation. We propose that the use of redox and hypoxia as morphogens makes the sea urchin embryo highly sensitive to environmental hypoxia during early development, but the GRN structure provides higher tolerance to hypoxia at later stages.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据