期刊
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
卷 62, 期 25, 页码 7062-7071出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1910481
关键词
Bone; cancer; diabetes; nattokinase; osteoporosis; phosphocalcic metabolism; vitamin D; vitamin K2
Calcium is essential for bone health and nerve signaling, while phosphorus is a key component of ATP and helps regulate metabolic energy. Vitamins D and K are crucial for the absorption and excretion of calcium and phosphorus, with vitamin D playing a regulatory role in various bodily functions.
Calcium is involved in bone metabolism, regulation of nerve signaling, and release of neurotransmitters. Phosphorus is a structural component of ATP, participates in metabolic energy regulation, and ensures stability to biological membranes and cells. Vitamin D and vitamin K are important for intestinal absorption and renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D plays a regulatory role in bone formation, carbohydrate metabolism, immune responses, and cardiovascular regulation. Research has linked vitamin D deficiency to the development of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, and osteoporosis. Vitamin K has been associated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases (due to improved vascular elasticity). This review highlights the importance of vitamins D and K in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus and explores various molecular mechanisms that help maintain the system's mineral homeostasis. Moreover, the paper reviews the enzyme nattokinase's role in thrombotic prevention due to its fibrinolytic activity.
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