Antiviral nucleoside analogs

The minireview surveys the modification of native nucleosides as a result of which huge libraries of nucleoside analogs of various structures were synthesized. Particular attention is paid to the synthesis of the so-called prodrug forms of nucleoside analogs which ensure their penetration into the cell and metabolism to active 5'-triphosphate derivatives. All the best known antiviral cyclic nucleoside analogs approved for the treatment of HIV infections, hepatitis B, C, and influenza since the 1960s, as well as those in various stages of clinical trials in recent years, are listed. Nucleoside analogs that have shown the ability to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are discussed, including remdesivir, approved by the FDA for emergency use in the fight against COVID-19.

Automated summary

The minireview discusses the modification of native nucleosides leading to the synthesis of diverse nucleoside analog libraries. It focuses on prodrug forms and antiviral cyclic nucleoside analogs, listing approved drugs for HIV, hepatitis B, C, and influenza, as well as those in clinical trials. It also mentions nucleoside analogs inhibiting the replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, including remdesivir used in the fight against COVID-19.