Multifunctional brominated graphene oxide boosted charge extraction for high-efficiency and stable all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells

The perovskite film with large grain size and high charge mobility is critical for the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the operational stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, multifunctional brominated graphene oxide (Br-GO) is prepared and innovatively used as an effective additive to incorporate into CsPbBr3 to form a large-grained high-quality perovskite film and to passivate defects at grain boundaries, which remarkably reduces the trap state density and carrier non-radiative recombination. Meanwhile, the hole mobility of the homogeneous CsPbBr3 + Br-GO photoactive layer is obviously increased due to the hole acceptor properties and high carrier mobility of Br-GO, resulting in an enhanced charge separation as well as transfer and suppressed carrier radiative recombination. Moreover, the Br-GO with a downshift valence band is employed as a hole-transporting material setting at perovskite/Carbon interface to further compensate energy levels and promote hole extraction. As a consequence, a champion PCE of 10.10% with an open-circuit voltage up to 1.602 V for the optimized PSCs with a configuration of FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/CsPbBr3 + Br-GO/Br-GO/Carbon is obtained, which is much higher than 6.28% efficiency for the reference device. The unencapsulated solar cells also exhibit a remarkable tolerance toward 85% RH and long-term AM 1.5G illumination in air.

Automated summary

In this study, multifunctional brominated graphene oxide (Br-GO) was used as an effective additive to enhance the quality of perovskite film, leading to improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of Br-GO also increased hole mobility and reduced carrier recombination, resulting in enhanced charge separation and transfer. Additionally, the use of Br-GO at the perovskite/Carbon interface helped compensate energy levels and promote hole extraction, ultimately achieving a champion PCE of 10.10% and high tolerance to harsh environmental conditions.